![]() Learn more about DNA and the genome with Dr Alex Lathbridge. ![]() In males, one of the chromosomes is a different in shape.In females, the two chromosomes are identical in shape.These can be arranged into 23 pairs.Įach chromosome in a pair carries the same types of genes. Chromosomes can best be observed during metaphase in mitosis. Įach human body cell contains 46 chromosomes. If Step 4 does not yield a reasonable definition, then check the footnotes, glossary. ![]() ![]() Įach chromosome is made from a single molecule of DNA, but when a cell is ready to divide, the DNA copies itself, then coils and condenses to form the chromosomes that we see in micrographs. Mitosis has four phases which include: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Before Mitosis there is Interphase, and after Mitosis there is cytokinesis (both Process) Prophase Before mitosis, there is a process called interphase that makes the cell grow and replicates the organelles and the DNA. Each section of a chromosome that contains the code for the production of a particular protein is called a gene. Chromosomes carry genetic information in a molecule called DNA.Ī type of cell division called mitosis ensures that when a cell divides each new cell produced has the same genetic information.ĭNA exists in a cell's nucleus within structures called chromosomes. ![]()
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